Types of Renewable Energy

Types of Renewable Energy The United States currently relies heavily on coal, oil, and natural gas for its energy. Fossil fuels are non-renewable, that is, they draw on finite resources that will eventually dwindle, becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve. In contrast, the many types of renewable energy resources-such as wind and solar energy-are constantly replenished and will never run out. Most renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from the sun. Sunlight, or solar energy, can be used directly for heating and lighting homes and other buildings, for generating electricity, and for hot water heating, solar cooling, and a variety of commercial and industrial uses. The sun's heat also drives the winds, whose energy, is captured with wind turbines. Then, the winds and the sun's heat cause water to evaporate. When this water vapor turns into rain or snow and flows downhill into rivers or streams, its energy can be captured using hydroelectric power. Along with the rain and snow, sunlight causes plants to grow. The organic matter that makes up those plants is known as biomass. Biomass can be used to produce electricity, transportation fuels, or chemicals. The use of biomass for any of these purposes is called bioenergy. Hydrogen also can be found in many organic compounds, as well as water. It's the most abundant element on the Earth. But it doesn't occur naturally as a gas. It's always combined with other elements, such as with oxygen to make water. Once separated from another element, hydrogen can be burned as a fuel or converted into electricity. Not all renewable energy resources come from the sun. Geothermal energy taps the Earth's internal heat for a variety of uses, including electric power production, and the heating and cooling of buildings. And the energy of the ocean's tides come from the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun upon the Earth. In fact, ocean energy comes from a number of sources. In addition to tidal energy, there's the energy of the ocean's waves, which are driven by both the tides and the winds. The sun also warms the surface of the ocean more than the ocean depths, creating a temperature difference that can be used as an energy source. All these forms of ocean energy can be used to produce electricity. Why is renewable energy important? Renewable energy technology content for this section provided in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the Department of Energy. Types Of Renewable Energy

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the Great Energy Challenge

About the Great Energy Challenge

Energy is an issue that touches every person on the planet. That's why National Geographic, in partnership with Shell*, has launched the Great Energy Challenge.

The Great Energy Challenge convenes and engages influential citizens and key energy stakeholders in solutions-based thinking and dialogue about our shared energy future.

It's a call to action to become actively involved, to learn more and do more—to change how we think about and consume energy so that we can all help tackle the big energy questions.

National Geographic has assembled some of the world's foremost researchers and scientists to help address the challenge. Led by Thomas Lovejoy, a National Geographic conservation fellow and renowned biologist, the team of advisors will work together to identify and provide support for projects focused on innovative energy solutions.

Learn more about the Great Energy Challenge panel of advisors here.

The Great Energy Challenge website is a one-stop resource where you can participate actively. Get started now!

Get trusted, balanced and independent global reporting with a scope and scale that stands apart with Energy News—focusing on the most newsworthy energy stories, latest breakthrough ideas, technological advances and bold actions that impact the world of energy.

Engage with the world's experts with the Energy Blog, where academics, engineers, think tank leaders, National Geographic contributors, and other insiders explore the world's shared energy and climate challenges.

Move the conversation forward with The Big Energy Question, where key subjects such as advanced biofuels, natural gas, and supplying energy to world's cities are debated by prominent experts who have the power to effect change.

Uncover Great Energy Challenge-funded energy initiatives from around the world selected by our esteemed group of energy advisors, and become an advocate by spreading the word.

Test your energy IQ with Energy Quizzes that cover subjects that affect us all, such as food, transportation, biofuels, and cities.

Use the cutting-edge online tools such as the Personal Energy Meter to measure your energy consumption and share your score with your friends, and the World Electricity Mix Interactive, which shows you where the world gets its power.

Explore the Great Energy Challenge Partnership Showcase, where we provide a spotlight for content and storytelling captured at Great Energy Challenge and Shell events from around the world.

This project will continue to evolve, so be sure to check back often. (Read a message from Shell about this initiative here.)

Be a part of the solution. Take part in the Challenge.

*National Geographic maintains autonomy over content.

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